4 research outputs found
Advanced Caution and Warning System
The current focus of ACAWS is on the needs of the flight controllers. The onboard crew in low-Earth orbit has some of those same needs. Moreover, for future deep-space missions, the crew will need to accomplish many tasks autonomously due to communication time delays. Although we are focusing on flight controller needs, ACAWS technologies can be reused for on-board application, perhaps with a different level of detail and different display formats or interaction methods. We expect that providing similar tools to the flight controllers and the crew could enable more effective and efficient collaboration as well as heightened situational awareness
Advanced Caution and Warning System, Final Report - 2011
The work described in this report is a continuation of the ACAWS work funded in fiscal year (FY) 2010 under the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP), Integrated Systems Health Management (ISHM) project. In FY 2010, we developed requirements for an ACAWS system and vetted the requirements with potential users via a concept demonstration system. In FY 2011, we developed a working prototype of aspects of that concept, with placeholders for technologies to be fully developed in future phases of the project. The objective is to develop general capability to assist operators with system health monitoring and failure diagnosis. Moreover, ACAWS was integrated with the Discrete Controls (DC) task of the Autonomous Systems and Avionics (ASA) project. The primary objective of DC is to demonstrate an electronic and interactive procedure display environment and multiple levels of automation (automatic execution by computer, execution by computer if the operator consents, and manual execution by the operator)
Prevalence trends of rhinoconjunctivitis, eczema, and atopic asthma in Greek schoolchildren: Four surveys during 1991-2008
After a continuous increase of asthma, hay fever, and eczema during
1991-2003 among schoolchildren in Patras, Greece, the prevalence of
current wheeze/asthma (diagnosed wheezing and/or asthma in the past 2
years) has reached a plateau (6.9%) during the period 2004-2008. Using
methodology identical to the three previously conducted cross-sectional,
parental questionnaire surveys (1991, n = 2417; 1998, n = 3076; 2003, n
= 2725) we examined further trends in the prevalence of
rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the same urban environment among third
and fourth grade schoolchildren (8-9 years old) in 2008 (n = 2688). In
the four surveys, respective prevalence rates of rhinoconjunctivitis
were 2.1, 3.4, 4.6, and 5.1% (absolute prevalence increase: 1998 versus
1991, 61.9%; 2003 versus 1998, 35.5%; 2008 versus 2003, 10.9%) and
those of eczema were 4.5, 6.3, 9.5, and 10.8% (absolute prevalence
increase: 1998 versus 1991, 40.0%; 2003 versus 1998, 50.8%; 2008
versus 2003, 13.7%; sex-adjusted p for trend, <0.001). Among current
wheezer/asthmatic patients there was an increase in lifetime
rhinoconjunctivitis (sex-adjusted p for trend, <0.001) and lifetime
eczema (sex-adjusted p for tend, <0.001) over the period 1991-2008. The
proportion of atopic wheeze/asthma (current asthma with lifetime
rhinoconjunctivitis and/or eczema) increased further during 2003-2008 (p
< 0.05; p for trend during 1991-2008, <0.001). In conclusion, there is a
continuous increase in the prevalence of allergic
manifestations-rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema-among preadolescent
children in Patras, Greece, during the period 1991-2008. After a steep
rise during 1991-2003, the frequency of atopic wheeze/asthma continued
to increase at a decelerating rate during 2003-2008, while wheeze/asthma
prevalence remained unchanged during the same 5-year period
Deployable Extravehiclar Activity Platform (DEVAP) for Planetary Surfaces
The Deployable Extra-Vehicular Activity Platform (DEVAP) is a staging platform for egress and ingress attached to a lunar, Mars, or planetary surface habitat airlock, suitlock, or port. The DEVAP folds up into a compact package for transport, and deploys manually from its attached location to provide a ramp and staging platform for extra-vehicular activities. This paper discusses the latest development of the DEVAP, from its beginnings as a portable platform attached to the Lunar Outpost Pressurized Excursion Module (PEM) in the Constellation Lunar Surface Systems scenarios, to the working prototype deployed at the2011 NASA Desert Research and Technology Studies (D-RATS) analog field tests in Arizona. The paper concludes with possible future applications and directions for the DEVAP